The difficulty and cost of performing the symbolic integration and
differentiation operations indicated in (4) can be greatly reduced by
approximating 
as follows: first, expand 
, the
numerator of 
, into a sum of individual terms; next, write 
as 
; next, expand 
using the binomial theorem to 18 terms; next, multiply together the
resulting numerator and denominator expressions; finally, omit all
terms whose exponent of 
is greater than 18. The result is a
linear sum of terms of the form 
for modest-sized
integers p and q.
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